1. 21 Blackjack Wikipedia Film
2. 21 Blackjack Wikipedia Free
3. 21 Blackjack Wikipedia Book
4. 21 Blackjack Wikipedia Meaning

'Blackjack', an ace and a face card or ten, is the top scorer. Blackjack usually pays a bonus. Five cards adding to 21 or fewer is the next ranking hand. Apart from that, unbusted hands rank by total add-up. Hands below the dealer's hand lose unless the dealer goes over 21 (busts). Hands equal to the dealer's keep their chips. Blackjack is a gambling game where you try to get a hand totaling closer to 21 than the dealer. If you go over 21, then you automatically lose, or bust. Playing as the dealer in blackjack is similar to how you would play regularly, but with a few added responsibilities, like handing out cards and chips.

Catch 21 is an American game show broadcast by Game Show Network (GSN). Created by Merrill Heatter (who also produced the show's predecessor Gambit), the series follows three contestants as they play a card game centered on blackjack and trivia. The show is based on a popular online game from GSN's website and aired for four seasons from 2008 to 2011. It was hosted by Alfonso Ribeiro, with actress Mikki Padilla serving as the card dealer.

The show received positive critical reception as a whole, the series itself was hailed as 'a fun game with a solid concept' while Ribeiro was praised as 'hands-down, one of the best game show hosts out there.' Additionally, the series was acquired by Bounce TV in 2013, with the network hopeful it could 'add fuel' to the channel's growing momentum. GSN revived the series on October 14, 2019, with Ribeiro returning to host and Witney Carson as the card dealer.

Gameplay[edit]

Main game[edit]

2008 version[edit]

Three contestants are each given a card to start a blackjack hand from a standard 52-card deck shuffled prior to taping. The host reads questions and the first contestant to answer correctly is dealt a card. The contestant who answers correctly can freeze their hand, preventing them from receiving additional cards or reveal the next card from the top of the deck.^[1]

After revealing the card, the contestant can either accept it for themselves or pass it to one of their opponents who has not yet frozen. If keeping a card, the contestant in control is given another chance to freeze. However, once a contestant has frozen, the remaining contestants must freeze at a score higher than that contestant, ties are not permitted. A contestant is eliminated from the round if their hand exceeds 21.^[2]

The process is repeated with additional questions and cards until two contestants have frozen or busted. A contestant whose score reaches 21 exactly instantly wins the round. Beginning in season two of the original series, a bonus prize is given to the contestant regardless of the outcome of the game.^[3] If two contestants bust, the remaining contestant automatically wins the round. If only one contestant has not yet frozen or busted, no additional questions are asked; the remaining contestant continues drawing cards until either beating the highest frozen hand or busting. The winner of the round receives a power chip to use in the bonus round, assuming that contestant gets that far. The original series used point scores in the first two rounds, with 100 points awarded for a correct answer, and 500 points for winning the hand. After two rounds, the contestant with the lowest score is eliminated.^[2]

If there is a tie for the lowest score, the players involved participate in a high-card draw. Each player is given the choice of taking the first or second card off the top of the deck, without being able to see either card before making their selection. The player who draws the higher card advances.

The two remaining contestants play one more round involving the same toss-up question format, but point scores are not kept. The contestant who wins the round receives $1,000 and two additional power chips (originally one),^[4] then moves on to the bonus round.^[2]

2019 revival[edit]

The 2019 revival changed several rules:

• Other than the cards, there is no point scoring in any round.
• There is no longer a bonus prize for the first 21.
• If two different players win the first two hands, those two players play the third round, and the third player is eliminated. If the same player wins the first two hands, a tiebreaker is played between the other two players.
• In the tiebreaker ('High Card Playoff'), an additional trivia question is played. The player who answers correctly is shown the top card from the deck and chooses whether to take that card or pass it to their opponent and take the next card from the deck. The other player is given the second card; the higher card wins. (If there is a tie, an additional question is played.)
• Winning the final round gives the player their required number of power chips based on the hand or hands they have won. On some episodes, the player is given an additional chip for winning the match.

Bonus round[edit]

The winner now controls three separate hands, each staked with one card. A new deck of 52 cards that has been shuffled and cut is used. Cards are drawn for the contestant, one at a time and the contestant then chooses a hand in which to place each card. The contestant can use a power chip to dispose of an unwanted card.^[1] If the contestant is in danger of busting on any hand, the contestant can end the round after successfully placing a card; a contestant cannot stop immediately after playing a power chip.^[2] Getting 21 in one hand wins $1,000, in two hands wins $5,000, and if 21 is scored on all three hands, the contestant wins the grand prize of $25,000.^[2] If the contestant busts on any one of the three hands, they will lose everything except the $1,000 that the winner received earlier. On some episodes in season two, the top prize was increased to $50,000 with the other payouts remaining the same.^[5]

The 2019 revival has altered the payout structure to a 21 on one hand awarding $2,500, $5,000 for two, and $25,000 for all three.

Online game[edit]

The television version of the game was based on a popular online version from GSN's website.^[1] In this version, the online player has five minutes to make as many hands of 21 as they can using four columns. The player can play a card in any of their columns as long as the subsequent total is 21 or less. If the card cannot be played in any column, it must be discarded. Each hand of 21 earns the player 50 points. Playing exactly five cards in a column earns the player a 50 point bonus (called a '5-Card Charlie'), making that column worth a total of 100 points. Additionally, the jacks of spades and clubs allow any column to be cleared immediately for 75 points (called a 'Blackjack Attack').^[6]

Production[edit]

The series featured executive producers Scott Sternberg and Merrill Heatter,^[1] and premiered on July 21, 2008.^[2][7] The first season consisted of 40 half-hour episodes.^[8][9] Prior to the show's premiere, a 30-minute documentary The Making of a Game Show: Catch 21 aired on GSN, featuring exclusive footage and interviews with production staff and Ribeiro.^[10] The name of the show is inspired by Catch-22, a phrase describing a paradox that cannot be avoided due to limits or a rules contradiction.^[11]

On February 18, 2009, GSN renewed the series for a 65-episode second season on April 6, 2009, which featured the addition of an extra power chip in the bonus round in order to increase contestant's chances of winning the top prize.^[1][4] A third season, which was announced on September 16, 2009, debuted on October 12, 2009, with some episodes featuring celebrities with a common bond (such as three The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air cast members or three former child stars) playing for charity.^[12] The show's fourth and final season debuted on August 16, 2010.^[13]

On March 21, 2019, Adweek reported that GSN would revive Catch 21, producing new episodes for the first time in nearly a decade. Ribeiro was chosen to return as host; Padilla, however, would not return and would be replaced with dancer Witney Carson.^[14] The change reunited Ribeiro and Carson, who had previously been partners—and champions—on season nineteen of Dancing with the Stars.^[15] Contestants cast for the revival were all current Las Vegas residents, which is where the show is filmed.^[15] The revival filmed its episodes in July and August,^[16] and premiered on GSN on October 14, 2019.^[17]

Reception[edit]

Critical reception for Catch 21 was generally positive. Carrie Grosvenor of About Entertainment argued that the series was 'a fun game with a solid concept. It's definitely worth checking out.'^[2]Hollywood Junket also praised Ribeiro, calling him 'hands-down, one of the best game show hosts out there... the fun, brother/sister type chemistry between himself and (Padilla) is rare and benefits the show greatly.'^[5] Additionally, Bounce TV expressed excitement when announcing their acquisition of the series in 2013, citing the series' popularity among GSN viewers and consistent ratings growth during its original run.^[18] The network's chief operating officer Jonathan Katz commented, 'We are very confident that the broadcast premieres of The American Bible Challenge and Catch 21 will add fuel to Bounce TV's skyrocketing growth.'^[18] The revival's October 14, 2019 premiere earned 459,000 total viewers with a 0.04 rating in the 18–49 demographic.^[19]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcde'Catch 21 Fact Sheet'. GSN Corporate. Archived from the original on July 24, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
2. ^ ^abcdefgGrosvenor, Carrie. 'Catch 21 Explained'. ThoughtCo. Dotdash. Archived from the original on April 1, 2019. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
3. ^Catch 21. Season 2. Episode 1. April 6, 2009. Game Show Network.
4. ^ ^ab'GSN's Hit Series Catch 21 Hosted by Alfonso Ribeiro to Return for Second Season Premiering April 6, Airing Weekdays at 6:30PM/5:30PM C' (Press release). GSN Corporate. February 18, 2009. Archived from the original on November 26, 2009. Retrieved November 1, 2014.
5. ^ ^ab'Catch-21!: Some Riveting Games For Season Two!'. Hollywood Junket. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
6. ^'Play Catch 21 – GSN Games'. GSN.com. Game Show Network, LLC. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
7. ^Stelter, Brian (July 7, 2008). 'Blackjack Makes a Move From the Web to Television'. The New York Times. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
8. ^Dempsey, John (July 7, 2008). 'GSN shuffles Catch 21'. Variety. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
9. ^'Catch 21 situation for GSN'. The Hollywood Reporter. Associated Press. April 6, 2008. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
10. ^Reynolds, Mike (July 7, 2008). 'GSN Looks To Hit Big With Catch 21'. Multichannel News. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
11. ^Hill, Michael P. (October 7, 2019). 'Game Show Network keeps host, shuffles its look for new Catch 21'. NewscastStudio.com. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
12. ^'GSN Announces the Return of Hit Series The Newlywed Game and Catch 21, Premiering October 12' (Press release). GSN Corporate. September 16, 2009. Archived from the original on August 17, 2016. Retrieved November 1, 2014.
13. ^'Baggage and Catch 21 Both Return on August 16' (Press release). GSN Corporate. July 26, 2010. Archived from the original on August 17, 2016. Retrieved November 1, 2014.
14. ^Lynch, Jason (March 21, 2019). 'Game Show Network Builds Audiences By Going Back to Basics—and Its Previous Name'. Adweek. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
15. ^ ^abLawrence, Christopher (October 11, 2019). 'Las Vegas a perfect match for Catch 21 game show'. Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved October 20, 2019.
16. ^Moyer, Phillip (May 28, 2019). 'Game Show Catch 21 Searching for Vegas Contestants with Blackjack Skills'. KSNV. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
17. ^Maloney, Michael (September 23, 2019). 'Witney Carson Thinks Kel Mitchell Can Go All the Way on 'Dancing With the Stars''. TV Insider. Retrieved October 20, 2019. I'm doing Catch 21, a game show with Alfonso, which is premiering on GSN on October 14.
18. ^ ^ab'Bounce TV Acquires Broadcast Network Rights to The American Bible Challenge and Catch 21' (Press release). Bounce TV. June 24, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
19. ^Metcalf, Mitch (October 15, 2019). 'Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Monday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.14.2019'. ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved October 20, 2019.

External links[edit]

• Catch 21 on IMDb
• Catch 21 at TV.com

The Boeing Insitu RQ-21 Blackjack, formerly called the Integrator, is an Americanunmanned air vehicle designed and built by Boeing Insitu to meet a United States Navy requirement for a small tactical unmanned air system (STUAS).^[5] It is a twin-boom, single-engine monoplane, designed as a supplement to the Boeing Scan Eagle.^[5] The Integrator weighs 61 kg (134 lb) and uses the same launcher and recovery system as the Scan Eagle.^[5]

Development[edit]

The RQ-21 was selected in June 2010 over the Raytheon Killer Bee, AAI Aerosonde, and General Dynamics/Elbit Systems Storm.^[6]

The RQ-21A Integrator first flew on 28 July 2012.^[5] On 10 September 2012, the Integrator entered developmental testing with a 66-minute flight. The Navy launched one using a pneumatic launcher and a recovery system known as Skyhook. This eliminates the need for runways and enables a safe recovery and expeditionary capability for tactical missions on land or sea. At the current testing rate, Initial Operational Capability (IOC) was expected in 2013.^[7]

On 10 February 2013, the Integrator completed its first at-sea flight from the USS Mesa Verde, a San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock. This followed completing three months of land-based flights.^[8]

On 19 February 2013, Insitu completed the first flight of the RQ-21A Block II. It weighs 121 lb (55 kg) and flew for 2 hours. It was controlled by a new ground control system meant to integrate dissimilar UAV systems. The Block II has the sensor from the Nighteagle, the night version of the ScanEagle, and is designed to operate in high-temperature environments.^[9]

On 15 May 2013, the Department of the Navy announced that the RQ-21A Integrator received Milestone C approval authorizing the start of low-rate initial production. With Milestone C approval, the Integrator entered production and deployment.^[10]

On 12 June 2013, the RQ-21A completed its first East Coast flight from Webster Field Annex, starting the next phase of tests for the Integrator. The UAV was launched with a pneumatic launcher, flew for 1.8 hours, and was recovered with an Insitu-built system known as the STUAS Recovery System (SRS), which allows safe recovery of the STUAS on land or at sea. This phase of testing was to validate updates made to the aircraft which include software, fuselage, and camera enhancements. The Integrator was test flown at lower density altitudes. Integrated Operational Test and Evaluation (IOT&E) was scheduled for October 2013.^[11]

In September 2013, the Integrator was renamed the RQ-21A Blackjack. On 28 November 2013, the U.S. Navy awarded Boeing Insitu an $8.8 million contract for one low-rate production aircraft in preparation for full-rate production.^[12]

In January 2014, the first low-rate production RQ-21A Blackjack began IOT&E for the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps. Testing was conducted over the next several months to demonstrate its effectiveness in realistic combat conditions.^[13] The Navy ordered three Blackjack systems in December 2014.^[14] By July 2015, the Navy had received two Blackjack systems.^[15] In July 2018, the Marines phased out the RQ-7 Shadow in favor of the Blackjack.^[16]

Design[edit]

The RQ-21A Blackjack is designed to support the U.S. Marine Corps by providing forward reconnaissance. A Blackjack system is composed of five air vehicles and two ground control systems. The air vehicles can be launched on land or on a ship by a rail and land using a 'skyhook' recovery system, where a vertical wire must be hooked onto its wing; when on the ground, the launch and recovery systems are towable by vehicles. Its wingspan is 16 ft (4.9 m) and it can carry a 39 lb (18 kg) payload. The day/night camera can achieve resolution rating of 7 on the NIIRS scale at 8,000 ft (2,400 m).^[6]

The Marines are working with Insitu to modify the Blackjack fuselage to carry greater and more various payloads. Enlarging the fuselage would increase its maximum takeoff weight from 135 lb (61 kg) to 145 lb (66 kg) and lengthen endurance from 16 hours to 24 hours. New turrets are being explored as well as other payloads including a synthetic-aperture radar to track ground targets, a laser designator to mark targets for precision-guided munitions, and foliage-penetration capabilities for foreign customers operating in lush environments.^[6] The Office of Naval Research (ONR) plans to add a sensor to the Blackjack that combines an electro-optical camera, wide area imager, short wave infrared hyperspectral imager, and a high-resolution camera for use as an inspection sensor into a single payload by 2020.^[17]

In Marines service, the Blackjack sometimes uses the designation MQ-21,^[18] where the 'M' prefix indicates 'ground launched, mobile' operations, versus the 'R' prefix indicating operating from a surface ship.^[19]

Operational history[edit]

The U.S. Marine Corps deployed its first RQ-21A Blackjack system to Afghanistan in late April 2014. One Blackjack system is composed of five air vehicles, two ground control systems, and launch and recovery support equipment. It supports intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions using multi-intelligence payloads including day and night full-motion video cameras, an infrared marker, a laser range finder, a communications relay package, and automatic identification system receivers.^[20] The models in Afghanistan were early operational capability (EOC) aircraft without shipboard software or testing. Deploying the aircraft on the ground was a method to detect and fix problems early to avoid delaying the project.^[6] The RQ-21 returned from its deployment on 10 September 2014 after flying nearly 1,000 hours in 119 days in theater. EOC Blackjacks will continue to be used for training, while completion of shipboard testing is planned to result in the system's first ship-based deployment in spring 2015.^[21]

The Marine Corps declared Initial Operational Capability (IOC) for the RQ-21A Blackjack in January 2016.^[22] During the summer of 2016, MARSOC deployed the RQ-21A to Iraq.^[23]

Full rate productions of the RQ-21A has been delayed because of serious system quality issues. The Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) issued reviews on the program in 2013, 2014, and 2015. The 2015 report indicates that many of these issues have not been resolved, despite OSD reporting issues in previous years. The 2015 report stated that the RQ-21A was 'not operationally effective', 'not operationally suitable', that the 'system has exploitable cyber security vulnerabilities, and the overall assessment pointed out several major requirements failures.^[24]

Operators[edit]

21 Blackjack Wikipedia Film

Canada

• Department of National Defence – 1 system purchased which includes 5 aircraft. The DND was also the first international customer for the UAS.^[25]
• Royal Canadian Navy – The RQ-21 Blackjack UAV contact was extended to include the installation of UAV launch, recovery and control capability on all Halifax-class patrol frigates.^[26]

Netherlands

21 Blackjack Wikipedia Free

• Royal Netherlands Army – 5 systems on order expected to enter service in 2014.^[27]

Poland

• Polish Land Forces – Order for an unknown number of systems placed in February 2018.^[28] First aircraft delivered in April 2018.^[29]
• Polish Special Forces – 1 aircraft ordered in August 2018.^[30]

United States

21 Blackjack Wikipedia Book

• United States Marine Corps – 32 systems on order each with five air vehicles each. One hundred systems planned by FY2017.^[2]
• United States Navy – 25 systems on order each with five air vehicles each.^[6]

An unidentified Middle Eastern customer purchased six systems.^[6]

Specifications[edit]

Data from^[31] Product Page

General characteristics

• Length: 8.2 ft (2.5 m)
• Wingspan: 16 ft (4.9 m)
• Empty weight: 81 lb (37 kg)
• Max takeoff weight: 135 lb (61 kg)
• Powerplant: 1 × EFI Piston Engine, 8 hp (6.0 kW)
• Propellers: 2-bladed

Performance

21 Blackjack Wikipedia Meaning

• Maximum speed: 100 mph (170 km/h, 90 kn)
• Cruise speed: 63 mph (100 km/h, 55 kn)
• Range: 58 mi (93 km, 50 nmi) ^[23]
• Endurance: 16 hours
• Service ceiling: 19,500 ft (5,900 m)

See also[edit]

Related development

Related lists

References[edit]

1. ^ ^ab'APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY 1319: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Navy BA 7: Operational Systems Development'(PDF). PE 0305234M: (U)RQ-21A (STUASL0). U.S. Navy. February 2012. pp. 1, 3. Archived(PDF) from the original on 24 June 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
2. ^ ^abUnder Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics (April 2012). 'Department of Defense Report to Congress on Future Unmanned Aircraft Systems Training, Operations, and Sustainability'(PDF). U.S. Department of Defense. Archived(PDF) from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
3. ^'The Boeing Insitu RQ-21 Integrator UAV is expected to reach operational capability in the US military during 2013'. Military Factory. 4 March 2013. Archived from the original on 24 September 2013.
4. ^OFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (COMPTROLLER) / CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. 'PROGRAM ACQUISITION COST BY WEAPON SYSTEM'(PDF). UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE FISCAL YEAR 2014 BUDGET REQUEST. U.S. Department of Defense. p. 12. Archived from the original(PDF) on 3 September 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
5. ^ ^abcd'RQ-21A Integrator completes first flight'. Archived from the original on 10 August 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
6. ^ ^abcdefU.S. Marine Corps Explores Extended-Range BlackjackArchived 13 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine - Aviationweek.com, 12 May 2014
7. ^Navy, Marines Begin RQ-21 Developmental Flight TestingArchived 2 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine - Newsmilitary.com, 11 September 2012
8. ^RQ-21A Small Tactical Unmanned Air System Completes First Ship-Based FlightArchived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine - NAVAIR.Navy.mil, 12 February 2013
9. ^Insitu completes RQ-21A Block II first flightArchived 2 January 2014 at the Wayback Machine - Flightglobal.com, 19 February 2013
10. ^Navy and Marine Corps Small Tactical UAS Enters Production PhaseArchived 11 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine - NAVAIR.Navy.mil, 21 May 2013
11. ^RQ-21A Small UAS Completes First East Coast FlightArchived 3 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine - Navy.mil, 14 June 2013
12. ^Navy buys one Insitu RQ-21A Blackjack UAV in preparation for ramping-up productionArchived 3 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine - sUASNews.com, 29 November 2013
13. ^RQ-21A Blackjack begins operational test phaseArchived 1 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine - NAVAIR.Navy.mil, 28 January 2014
14. ^US NAVAIR orders three Blackjack UAV systemsArchived 8 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine - Flightglobal.com, 8 January 2015
15. ^US Navy purchases six more Insitu RQ-21A Blackjack systemsArchived 3 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine - Flightglobal.com, 30 July 2015
16. ^Marines Bring Shadow Operations to an EndArchived 5 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Aviation International News. 2 August 2018.
17. ^US Navy orders super-sensor for RQ-21 UASArchived 15 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine - Flightglobal.com, 14 October 2015
18. ^[1]Archived 28 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine - Aviationweek.com, 27 October 2016
19. ^[2]Archived 18 May 2019 at the Wayback Machine - Designationsystems.net, 2018
20. ^Marines deploy with 1st, unmanned RQ-21A Blackjack systemArchived 8 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine - Asdnews.com, 8 May 2014
21. ^Small UAS returns from first operational deployment - NAVAIR.Navy.mil, 25 September 2014
22. ^United States Marines Corps to procure one hundred UAV Blackjack systems by 2017Archived 24 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine - Armyrecognition.com, 22 January 2016
23. ^ ^abMarine Special Operators Fly New Surveillance Drone in IraqArchived 2 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine - Military.com, 8 October 2016
24. ^'Archived copy'(PDF). Archived(PDF) from the original on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2019.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
25. ^https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/canada-surveillance-drones-military-1.3680290Archived 5 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine - CBCNews, 15 July 2016
26. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 9 October 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2019.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
27. ^Article about ScanEagle and RQ-21Archived 16 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine - dutchdefencepress.com, Oktober 12, 2012
28. ^Jennings, Gareth (8 February 2018). 'Poland to acquire Integrator STUAS'. IHS Jane's 360. London. Archived from the original on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
29. ^Jennings, Gareth (3 April 2018). 'Poland acquires Blackjack UAS'. IHS Jane's 360. London. Archived from the original on 13 April 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
30. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2019.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
31. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)